Introduction to the principle of muffler
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The sound elimination principle of the muffler is to use the appropriate combination of the cavity and the tube to achieve two functions to muffle the sound: one is to use the sudden change of the pipe section (that is, the change of the acoustic impedance) to reflect the sound wave propagating along the pipe back toward the sound source. So that the sound energy is reflected back to the original place;
The second is to use the reflection of several interfaces to make the first sound wave propagating forward back to the original point, and then fold back and propagate forward again. This point merges with the second sound wave propagating forward that has not yet been reflected, and the two sound waves propagate forward. They are equal in amplitude and an odd multiple of 180 degrees in phase difference, so they interfere with each other and cancel out.
